Critical Thinking And Problem Solving - 1526 Words

Critical thinking and problem solving are reliable skills for every manager and supervisor across all levels for any business or company. The ability to predict, identify and quickly resolve problems arising out of daily operational issues has become important to keep pace with the changing business requirements. Critical thinking is that mode of thinking about any subject, content or problem in which the thinker improves the quality of thinking by skillfully analyzing, assessing and reconstructing it. Critical thinking is self-directed, self-disciplined, self-monitored, and self-corrective thinking which entails effective communication, problem-solving abilities and its typical standard approach is to look for a solution that resolves†¦show more content†¦recession s time of depressed wages and high unemployment. Canada had a stronghold of economic opportunity or it seemed during this time because banks were healthy, house prices were rising and consumers were spending more on wants than needs. Less than two years later, the corporate based giant began pulling out of Canada after a large $2.5 billion dollar loss and 133 stores closed across the country. This significant loss affected 17,600 jobs and a huge $5.4-billion write-down for the U.S. parent company. 124 Target stores during the first year had problems with inventory control which left store shelves bare causing the stores to struggle and keeping needed items in stock which lead photos appearing on social media sh owing the empty aisles. Targets CEO, President and Chairman Gregg Steinhafel resigned from all his positions following the massive data breach and the troubled launch of its entry into Canadian markets. After his resignation, the company appointed its CFO John Mulligan as interim CEO and outside options for the position. During the transition Target appointed PepsiCo executive Brian Cornell as its CEO that took over responsibilities as the chairman of the board and chief executive officer. Cornell had experience in retail, especially his expertise in areas of fashion and home decor which made a strong name for Target in the U.S. Target s problems were much deeper than its focus on apparel

The gains and losses of Gallipoli - 972 Words

Assess the gains and losses of Gallipoli Gallipoli gave Australia its identity as nation and built what our nation is today. Gallipoli was one major fundamental factor in our culture. When you look back into the history of Australia at war you’ll hear Anzacs and diggers a lot. These names all came from one war and in fact one battle. Anzac stands for the Australian New Zealand army corps. The term diggers comes from soldiers continually digging trenches, holes and bunkers to sleep in and take cover during an artillery duel. The term has remained with us for over 90 years. Our soldiers are still living in holes. The landing at Anzac cove, Gallipoli, is a significant part in the history of our identity in the war and the world. I†¦show more content†¦There were eight Victoria crosses handed out to Australian soldiers during the Gallipoli campaign. One of the most famous VC award winners was Lance Corporal Albert Jacka.On the 19 May, the Turkish launched an a attack to push the Australians into the sea. They seized ten metres of trench at a place called Courtney’s Post, but Australians at either end stopped them from continuing to advance. At the northern end Jacka, with several of his mates, tried to get rid the Turkish at the post, but were beaten back. It was then decided that while a feint attack was made from the one end, Jacka would attack from behind. Jackas mates waited long enough for Jacka to circle in behind and then threw two bombs and gave covering fire. Jacka leapt over the parapet, shot five Turkish soldiers with his rifle, bayonetted two others and forced the r est to flee the captured trench. Members of Jackas battalion, 14th Battalion, believed he should of won more VCs in France to. Another example of Australian courage was the charge of the 8th and 10th Light Horse regiments at The Nek. 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Hemingway Essay Research Paper Ernest Hemingway His free essay sample

Hemingway Essay, Research Paper Ernest Hemingway: His life and his narratives Ernest Hemingway was adult male of many words. He wrote many novels and short narratives. Ernest Hemingway besides led a difficult life. He frequently incorporated his life into his narratives. His life and work was a direct consequence of his life. Some of his narratives show a direct relationship between his life and his work. Looking at three of Hemingway # 8217 ; s short narratives, # 8221 ; Soldier # 8217 ; s Home, # 8221 ; # 8220 ; A Cat in the Rain # 8221 ; and # 8221 ; A Clean Illuminated Topographic point, in footings of their relationship to events and experiences in Hemingway # 8217 ; s ain life. His narratives from World War I reflect deeping desperations, and a strong belief that life finally was without significance. Ernest Miller Hemingway was born on July 21,1899, in Oak Park, Illinois. His male parent was the proprietor of a comfortable existent estate concern. His male parent, Dr. Hemingway, imparted to Ernest the importance of visual aspects, particularly in public. Dr. Hemingway invented surgical forceps for which he did non accept money. He believed that one should non gain from something of import for the good of world. Ernest # 8217 ; s male parent, a adult male of high ideals, was really rigorous and censored the books he allowed his kids to read. He forbade his Ernest # 8217 ; s sister from analyzing concert dance for it was co-ed, and dancing together led to # 8220 ; snake pit and damnation # 8221 ; Grace hall Hemingway, Ernest # 8217 ; s female parent, considered herself pure and proper. She was a dreamer who was upset at anything which disturbed her perceptual experience of the universe as beautiful. She hater soiled nappies, upset tummies, and cleaning house ; they were non fit for a lady. She taught her kids to ever move with decorousness. She adored the vocalizing of the birds and the odor of flowers. Her kids were expected to act decently and to delight her, ever. Mrs. Hemingway treated Ernest, when he was a little male child, as if he were a female babe doll and she dressed him consequently. This agreement was all right until Ernest got to the age when he wanted to be a # 8220 ; gun-toting Pawnee Bill # 8221 ; . He began, at the clip, to draw away from his female parent, and neer forgave her for his humiliation. The town of Oak Park, where Ernest grew up, was really old fashioned and rather spiritual. The townsfolk forbade the word # 8220 ; virgin # 8221 ; from looking in textbooks, and the word # 8220 ; chest # 8221 ; was questioned, though it appeared in the Bible. Ernest loved to angle, canoe and research the forests. When he couldn # 8217 ; t acquire outside, he escaped to his room and read books. He loved to state narratives to his schoolmates, frequently take a firm standing that a friend listen to one of his narratives. In malice of his female parent # 8217 ; s desire, he played on the football squad at Oak Park High School. As a pupil, Ernest was a perfectionist about his grammar and studied English with a ardor. He contributed articles to the hebdomadal school newspaper. It seems that the principal did non O.K. of Ernest # 8217 ; s Hagiographas and he complained, frequently, about the content of Ernest # 8217 ; s articles. Ernest was clear about his authorship ; he wanted people to # 8220 ; see and experience # 8221 ; and he wanted to bask himself while composing. Ernest loved holding merriment. If nil was go oning, arch Ernest made something go on. He would sometimes utilize out words merely to make a commotion. Ernest, though wild and brainsick, was a warm, caring single. He loved the sea, mountains and the stars and hated anyone who saw him a hypocrite. During World War I, Ernest, rejected from service because of a bad left oculus, was an ambulance driver, in Italy, for the Red Cross. Ernest was injured in his articulatio genus and recuperated in a infirmary, tended by a lovingness nurse named Agnes. He fell in love with this nurse. When he returned to the U.S. he embellished his war narratives he won a decoration for courage. The is similar to the character Krebs in Hemingway # 8221 ; short narrative # 8220 ; Soldier # 8217 ; s Home. # 8221 ; When Krebs returned to the United States everyone had already told their war narratives and his were non as exciting. So he felt the demand to embroider his narratives. # 8216 ; Krebs found that to be listened to at all he had to lie, and after he had done this twice he, excessively, had a reaction against the war and against speaking about it. # 8221 ; ( Pg. 145 Hemingway ) Hemingway was against stating people about the war at first because it caused him such hurting, but subsequently h e felt that he had to speak about it. Ernest returned place after the war, rejected by the nurse whom he fell in love. He would party tardily into the dark and invite, to his house, people his parents disapproved of. Ernest # 8217 ; s mother rejected him and he felt that he had to travel from place He moved in with a friend life in Chicago and he wrote articles for the Toronto Star. In Chicago he met and so married Hadley Richardson. She believed that he should pass all his clip in authorship, and bought him a typewriter for his birthday. They decided that the best topographic point for a author to populate is Paris, where he could give himself to his authorship. He said, at the clip, that the most hard thing to compose approximately was being a adult male. They could non populate on the income from his narratives and so Ernest, once more, wrote for the Toronto Star. Ernest took Hadley to Italy to demo her where he had been during the war. He was devastated, everything had changed, and everything was destroyed. Hadley became pregnant and was sick all the clip. She and Ernest decided to travel to Canada. Hadley gave birth to a male child who they named John Hadley Nicano Hemingway. Even though he had his household Ernest was unhappy and decided to return to Paris. Ernest was still unhappy with his married woman and boy. They decided to disassociate. After he divorced Hadely He married four other times, to Pauline Pfeiffer, Martha Gellhorn, and Mary Welsh. In 1953 he went on a campaign with Mary, and he was in heaven runing large game. Though Ernest had a serious accident, and subsequently became sick, he could neer acknowledge that he had any failings ; nil would halt him, surely non trouble. In 1954 he won the Nobel Prize for literature. Toward the terminal, Ernest started to go once more, but about the manner that person does whom knows that he will shortly decease. He all of a sudden started going paranoiac and excessively forgets things. He became haunted with wickedness ; his upbringing was over feeling like a bad individual, as his male parent, female parent and gramps had taught him. In the last twelvemonth of his life, he lived inside of his dreams, similar to his female parent, who he hated with all his bosom. He was self-destructive and had electrical daze interventions for his depression and unusual behaviour On a Sunday forenoon, July 2, 1961, Ernest Miller Hemingway killed himself with a scattergun. Ernest Hemingway takes much of the plot lines of his short narratives from his personal experiences. In # 8220 ; Soldier # 8217 ; s Home # 8221 ; Hemingway expresses the disaffection from bourgeois American civilization that many returning soldiers felt. Harold Krebs, who is the chief character in the narrative, feels this disaffection when he returns to the U.S. He came back much later than the other soldiers. Everyone heard the same narratives from all the soldiers, so Krebs felt the demand to lie about the narratives to do people listen and so he would experience like he belonged. Krebs is the narrative # 8217 ; s supporter. He is bored with his town and disgusted by his parent # 8217 ; s bland piousness. He besides felt isolated from his household and their universe. Hemingway put his experiences of when he came back from the war in this narrative. He incorporated the fact that he besides embellished his ain war narratives to be accepted when he came back. Hemingway was besides alienated signifier his household when he came back from the war. His household was against him t raveling to the war in the first topographic point, and when the nurse that he fell in love with dumped him, he began to party and imbibe a batch more that usual. His household was against that, so they banished him from his place. Hemingway # 8217 ; s ain values were stated explicitly in the narrative, where he wrote, # 8220 ; Krebs acquired the sickness in respect to the experience that is the consequence of falsehood or hyperbole # 8221 ; ( Pg. 146 Hemingway ) The Hemingway form had begun by contrasting life and war, devaluing one in footings of the other. Now life became merely another indicant of war. As a soldier, Krebs had preserved his saneness by arising softly and entirely. Hemingway began to do some notes for a short narrative to be called # 8220 ; Cat in the Rain # 8221 ; It was about himself and Hadley and the director and the fille de chambre at the Hotel Splendide. # 8220 ; There were merely two Americans halting at the hotel, # 8221 ; it began. # 8220 ; They did non cognize any of the people they passed on the stepss? Their room was on the 2nd floor confronting the sea. It besides faced the public garden and the war memorial? The American married woman stood at the window looking out? ( Pg. 167, Hemingway ) these are the notes Hemingway took down. The American married woman and hubby he is depicting are himself and Hadley. The narrative # 8220 ; Cat in the rain # 8221 ; is fundamentally depicting the decomposition of Hemingway # 8217 ; s matrimony to Hadely. This is a deceivingly simple narrative about a immature American, married twosome vacationing in Italy. As her hubby reads, the married woman looks out of a window and notices a cat stooping underneath a tabular array to hedge the rain. Motivated by compassion every bit good as ennui, she decides to travel acquire the cat, but the cat was no longer at that place. She hence returns to the room. Still reading, the hubby tells her to # 8220 ; Shut up and acquire something to read # 8221 ; ( Pg170 Hemingway ) The hubby # 8217 ; s crass words in concurrence with his inattentive attitude characterized him as a stereotyped male who sees small benefit in taking his married woman earnestly. Her demand seem uncomplicated, even meager, yet he ignores them. The manner the hubby is and the manner he is moving shows the matrimony of Hemingway and Hadley co ming apart. The narrative reflects certain strains in the matrimony that Hemingway went through with his married woman, like communicating. In one of the narratives, # 8221 ; A Clean, Illuminated Place, # 8221 ; there is a good description of the universe that underlies Hemingway # 8217 ; s universe of violent action. In the early phases of the narrative there is an old adult male sitting tardily in a Spanish caf? . The two servers # 8217 ; are talking about him. # 8220 ; Last hebdomad he tried to perpetrate self-destruction, # 8221 ; one server said. # 8220 ; Why? # 8221 ; # 8220 ; He was in desperation # 8221 ; # 8220 ; What about? # 8221 ; # 8220 ; Nothing # 8221 ; # 8220 ; How do you cognize it is nil? # 8221 ; # 8220 ; He has plentifulness of money # 8221 ; ( Pg. 379, Hemingway ) The desperation is beyond plentifulness of money, or beyond all the other gifts of the universe. It # 8217 ; s nature becomes a small clearer at the terminal of the narrative when the older of the two servers is left entirely, loath excessively to go forth the clean, illuminated topographic point: # 8220 ; Turning off the electric visible radiation he continued the conversation with himself. It is the visible radiation of class but it is necessary that the topographic point be clean and pleasant. You do non desire music. Surely you do non desire music. Nor can you stand before a saloon with self-respect although that is all that is provided for these hours. What did he fear? It was non fear or apprehension. It was a nil that he knew excessively good. It was all a nil and a adult male was a nil excessively. It was merely that and visible radiation was all it needed and a certain cleanness and order. Some lived in it and neer felt it but he knew it all was nada Y pues nada y nada pues nada. Our nothing who art in nothing, nada be thy name thy land nothing thy will be nada in nothing as it is in nothing. Give us this nada our day-to-day nada as we nada our nothings and nothings us non nada but present us from nada pues nada. Hail nil full of nil, nil is with thee. He smiled and stood before a saloon with a reflecting steam force per unit area java machine. ( Pg383, Hemingway ) And the sleepless adult male, the adult male obsessed by decease, by the nonsense of the universe, by void, by nothing, is one of the repeating symbols in the work of Hemingway. Death is the great nothing. Toward the terminal of Hemingway # 8217 ; s life there became more noticeable relationships between his life and his authorship. # 8220 ; A Clean Illuminated Place # 8221 ; was a good illustration. The nothing that is talked about in the narrative is non merely thought approximately in the narrative but in Hemingway # 8217 ; s head. The fact that one of the characters in the narrative was self-destructive, really down and was in desperation about nil portrays Hemingway. The sleepless adult male is Hemingway in this narrative. In more than one juncture Hemingway describes himself as being obsessed with decease and since decease is the great nothing, it leads to Hemingway # 8217 ; s self-destruction. Hemingway portrays himself in all of these narratives. Whether it # 8217 ; s Krebs the alienated soldier, the American hubby in an Italian hotel, whose matrimony is disintegrating, or the insomniac adult male in the Spanish caf? obsessed with decease. After Hemingway comes place from World War I he loses the nurse that he falls in love with and becomes alienated from his parents. Soon after he marries a adult female, but that falls apart, and so he eventually becomes obsessed with nil. He becomes self-destructive and haunted with decease. # 8220 ; A Clean-Well Lighted Place # 8221 ; was the best description for Hemingway # 8217 ; s self-destructive inclinations. Once he became self-destructive and depressed his narratives reflected deeping desperations and were seen even clearer as a strong belief that life was finally without significance.

The Inclusion of Islam, Christianity and Judaism in Politics

Introduction Society is very much dependent on religion where most people believe that having faith in a certain religion will make them better people. Those professing various types of religion, will want to follow to the latter the rules and requirements of their religion as they perform their day-to-day duties in the society.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Inclusion of Islam, Christianity and Judaism in Politics specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More It is, therefore, very impossible to assume religion as a part of societal culture since it defines people and, to a larger extent, determines how various people will react to different situations. On the other hand, for better economic performance of a nation, politics and political structures play a vital role in the society in ensuring peace and allocation of resources. Whether or not religion should be part of the determinants of political structure has been a question of debate for along time now, with some people arguing that inclusion of religion in politics is catastrophic, while others claim that the two cannot be separated. With reference to three Abrahamic religions, Islam, Christianity and Judaism, we will observe these arguments by referring to situations where success has been recorded by inclusion of religion and politics, and where it has failed. Islam and politics Muslims believe that Islam is the only right faith existing in the world and everybody should profess it if they want to go to heaven. For years now, Muslims have wanted to dominate the politics of a country in which they form the majority of the citizens, because to them, others are sinners and, therefore, allowing them to have power is compromising Allah’s teachings (Mayer 2007). Muslims also believe in life after death but they argue that it is Allah’s will that the whole world should be turned into Islamic, and they are waiting for this to happen. They believe that if they fight for Islam to rule a certain nation, they will be fighting a holy war and that is not tantamount to sin. After the simmering of the successful days of Islam empires due to colonization from the western countries, reshaping of the states that are strictly following the Islamic law has been prominent though the method of reshaping differs greatly. In various situations, it has been proofed that rarely people do have a predetermined opinion about a political issue based on their faith and that it is the work of the media that shapes the opinion of the people (Pandya and Ellen 2006). In the recent past, Islam has been associated with many violent movements across the world in a move which Muslims believe is to liberate themselves from the unfaithful rule by the kafirs.Advertising Looking for essay on religion theology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More In the 1960s, some members of the Arab world came up with a call of uniting the Arab nations and they, therefore, emphasized of the Arab nationalism rather than Islam (Edwards 2004). Contrary to the expectations of the unionists, the Arab nationalism brought about economical stagnancy and looked like neo-colonization given that the borders of these Arab nations were copied from the colonial maps. Some Muslims, however, found that embracing democracy can act to their advantage and have, thus, focused on integration with other political parties like the Jamaat-e-islami, while others still cling on to militant ideology of Islam. Due to realities of poverty, un-working conventional politics and corruption, Islamic states have been criticized as not offering feasible solutions and, thus, sending the whole nation to economic problems. The recent movements in nations that have been strictly Muslim, for example, Iran, is to respect the Sharia law but include some western beliefs like revolution and ideologies while at the same tackling wo men issues from a more liberal approach. It is, therefore, vital to note that though liberal movements in Islam states tend to oppose Islamic political movements, they often identify themselves with its anti-imperialist issues (Mayer 2007). It should also be noted that the Muslim nations have recently been concerned with the issue of women rights, what role has debt played in oppression and stagnation of Islam economies and the control of oil revenues. In France, for example, there have been innovations to integrate the north African migrants, where they are expected to give up some of their beliefs while others also respect to a given extent the way they conduct their lives with respect to their religion. Muslims of different beliefs have integrated recently and are now working together, even in the strict secretive groups like the Al-shabaab. It is evident that Islam is increasingly influencing political movements in the world, including the 2002 joining of Russia to the Council o f the Islamic conference with the emphasis of coexistence. Several countries including those who were formally in the Soviet Union have substantial Islamic political influence just as other totally Islamic countries like Iraq. Terrorism has also been mostly associated with Islam, and many Islamic countries have also joined hands with the US on its war on terrorism though not as direct participants (Culwell 2011). It is a belief that eventually secular forces of Muslim nations will be integrated to the movements of all Islamic strains and come up with a group that is less focused on non-believers of Muslim faith but rather on corruption, colonialism and poverty. It has also been shown that, slowly, some Muslims are accepting that the war on terrorism is not synonymous to the war on Islam by other faiths, and some Muslims are working with the US in alleviating poverty which is prevalent.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Inclusion of Islam, Christianity and Ju daism in Politics specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Most Islamic nations are indentified with poverty, corruption, dictatorship and lack of democracy which has to some extent left them behind economically, though there are other Islamic states like Qatar which have performed quite impressively (Edwards 2004). The most recent uprisings in the Islam countries like Tunisia, Egypt, Syria and Iran among others show how politics and religion are entangled and determine each other’s success. Christianity It is a faith professed by the majority of people in the world though it is highly pronounced in Europe, Africa and America. Christians, in general, believe in Jesus Christ who died on the cross and who will come at a later date to liberate the world, and they also believe in life after death. Christians believe that a leader is God chosen, and whoever is in power has to be respected as well as given maximum support (Cunningham 2009). The Bible, which is the supreme book of Christians, teaches about giving to the government what is required of a person and respecting the rule of law. In the Bible, Peter preaches the gospel but, at the same time, asks the Christians to pay their taxes to the Roman government promptly, though, the Roman government did not profess the faith of Christianity. The set of Christians who follow these ideas, are much concerned about how the government handles the pertinent issues such as abortion, public education, marriages and same gender sex relationships among others. It is the belief here that God has given authority to the government as a way of maintaining social order and, therefore, it should be present in society (Richard 2010). It is a common agreement also that the government, to some extent, helps to maintain the commandments of God. There are some Christians also who believe that God intended to have a true Christian community which should be based on socialism or communism. They interpret the teachings of the Bible to mean that the first community that was formed by Peter shared property jointly and everybody was given according to his/her needs. This set of Christians has indicated that the government is unable to prevent crimes since it lowers the moral dignity of men and the society in general, hence, increasing the tendency of crime taking place (Cunningham 2009). They argue that the government was not blessed by God because, in many instances, the government tries to move people away from getting the laws of God into their hearts and, instead, replaces these laws by its own unjust laws which are written in books.Advertising Looking for essay on religion theology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More It is of importance to note that there are some Christians who do not share all these views and though they agree that they have to give to the government what is due from them as Peter guides, they believe that government is evil as its law demands that a wrong doer should be imprisoned or punished. This, they say, is against the teachings of the Bible which requires people to forgive each other no matter what type of crime they have committed and not to pay evil for evil. For them, they respect the government and do not try to oppose it or go against it, but they do not involve themselves with political issues (Crapsey 2010). Historically, though, Christians have been known to involve themselves in political issues to a greater extent, from the times when the Christians had armies to protect themselves and which helped in maintenance of law and order. The army of the ancient Roman Catholic had to face several issues that at one point or the other had to go beyond the teachings of Christianity which involved oaths, which are used even presently, and being involved in persecution of fellow Christians. Recent years have witnessed a lot of Christians being involved in active politics, while the Christian churches have been known to contribute very much to political organization of a country (Culwell 2011). Christians have changed their belief about the government, and they now want to be involved in the mainstream politics of the countries to help refine the politics that is practiced. It is the responsibility of Christians to initiate the change that is needed in countries for governments to embrace the will of God, and these cannot be done by sitting and watching what is going wrong or right. It is, therefore, not a miracle to find political activists doubling up as leaders of churches or leaders of churches commenting on political issues with high authority. Christianity has also been used as a tool of making people aware of the need to maintain peace during times of political upheavals, especially in countries where Christians form the majority of citizens (Richard 2010). In other countries where Christianity virtually rules, for example, Italy, it is difficult for politics to take any shape that is not supported by the church or more specifically Christian leaders. Judaism and politics The Jews had for long believed that kingship was the only way of governance that was to be followed given that God himself had given them a king. With the formation of Israel as a state for the Jews to help protect them from discrimination, politics inevitably found its way into the Judaism affairs. Politics do not define compromise as a form of corruption but, according to Judaism’s strict interpretation, compromising God’s ways is a form of corruption worse than any other. For many years, Jews were treated as foreigners in Europe and their participation in political or social issues as other communities was limited if not totally shun (W alzer 2006). Their structure climaxed at the rabbi, who was the senior most member of the society. During the period of Jewish emancipation, Jews became members of various states with different political views, and found it inevitable that they could separate politics from their religion. In addition, the Jews started thinking of forming their own state which meant that they should have their own political system, hence, developing a relationship between Judaism and politics albeit in different directions. In Europe, for example, the Jews started associating themselves with the movements which had ideas same as the Jewish principles of social justice. Judaism stresses on the notion of fair distribution of wealth and welcoming of visitors or strangers, which they say are biblical teachings and which are serious political issues (Crapsey 2010). Jewish issues have found their way even into the American political system, where they have been known advocate for political conservatism thr ough their alignment with the Democratic Party. It should be noted that, whereas Christianity and Islam would advocate for religion unity in the world, Judaism does not call for that and accepts the fact that other religions also exist. In conjunction with that, in Israel, where Judaism is highly pronounced, political parties have been known to put forward principles which largely borrow from the Jewish religion since these parties want to identify themselves as religious parties (Walzer 2006). This has led to a split into the left wing and the right wing politics, though Zionism still remains the main political movement. In the Diaspora, Jews play a significant role in conservative politics advocating for pluralism while, at the same time, trying to maintain the Jews principles. Jews have also formed a number of organizations both in the Jewish community and at the international platform through which they make their influence feel in politics. Today, the Jews have made their prese nce felt in politics by having a Jewish organization in at least every city in the United States and Canada (Culwell 2011). The Jewish groups across the globe are also actively involved in the politics of Israel, and they are also among the major financiers of the Israel economy. It is, therefore, a case of a successful state that has involved religion in its political maters. Conclusion That religion can be fostered without politics is a complete misguided notion which should be done away with for the sake of both religion and political structures. It will also be a total lie to say that in today’s society, there is a possibility of separating politics from religion as this would bring more conflict and tension. Religion plays a very important role in determining who gains power and who retains it and, to some extent, what will be addressed by the existing political structures. It should also be noted that the idea of having a nation that completely professes a single religi on is almost impossible and, therefore, people should be taught on how to be tolerant to other’s religion views for peace to prevail. References Crapsey, Algernon. Religion and politics. Whitefish: Kessinger Publishers, 2010. Culwell, Glennon. Religion and Politics: The Biblical Doctrine of Politics. Charleston: CreateSpace Publishers, 2011. Cunningham, William. Christianity and Politics. Charleston: BiblioBazaar Publishers, 2009. Edwards, Beverley. Islam and Politics in the Contemporary World. Hoboken: John Wiley and Sons Publishers, 2004. Mayer, Ann. Islam and Human Rights: Tradition and Politics. Boulder: Westview Press, 2007. Pandya, Amit, and Ellen Laipson. Islam and Politics: Renewal and Resistance in the Musilm World. Washington: Henry L. Stimson Publishers, 2009. Richard, Henry. On the Application of Christianity to Politics. Charleston: BiblioBazaar Publishers, 2010. Walzer, Michael. Law, Politics, and Morality in Judaism. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2006. This essay on The Inclusion of Islam, Christianity and Judaism in Politics was written and submitted by user Axel C. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Giving Voice to Values Script free essay sample

The focus here is not on situations where we are tempted to do something we believe is wrong, for our own personal gain and because we believe we can get away with it. While this is a relevant topic, it is for another day. Now some might say that what we really want is to be able to feel like we have voiced and acted on our values. And this desire may lead us just as easily – perhaps more easily – to focus our energy on finding ways to rationalize what we say and do such that it appears consistent with our values, as opposed to focusing our energy on finding ways to actually be consistent with our values. Research on self-bias would tend to support this view. 1 Others might point out that the real problem in the starting assumption is the idea of voicing and acting on our values â€Å"effectively. † That is, given the organizational and personal barriers to acting on our values, success in this arena is elusive. We will write a custom essay sample on Giving Voice to Values Script or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Thus even if we don’t succumb to the selfjustifying bias noted above, many if not most of us will abandon attempts to follow our values simply because we don’t believe it is possible to do so2 We may believe that despite our David M. Messick and Max H. Bazerman, â€Å"Ethical Leadership and the Psychology of Decision Making,† Sloan Management Review, Winter 1996, Volume 37, Number 2, Reprint 3721, page 11. 2 â€Å"A 2003 study conducted by the Ethics Research Center uncovered that workers do not raise ethical issues on the job for two main reasons: 1) They fear personal retaliation; and 2) they are convinced that senior management won’t This material is part of the Giving Voice to Values curriculum collection, a collaboration between the Aspen Institute (www. AspenCBE. org) and The Yale School of Management. The Giving Voice to Values curriculum collection is in the Pilot Phase of development; do not distribute/reproduce without permission. 1 1 best efforts and courage, we will not be able to change the offending organizational practice or influence the offending individuals, especially if they are our superiors in the organization and/or if they appear to be in the majority. In addition, we may fear the price we would be forced to pay – anything from social disapproval to negative career consequences and/or financial and family disruptions. Certainly research on whistle-blowers suggests that they often suffer both personally and professionally. We all have seen, heard, or at least can imagine, stories of individuals who raised unpopular or uncomfortable questions and were subsequently seen as naive or less than committed to doing what it takes to succeed. 3 However, the type of action we are talking about here precedes, and hopefully makes unnecessary, external whistle-blowing. That is, we are talking about efforts to make change within an organization via problem re-definition, creative problem-solving, constructive engagement, persuasion, reasoning, personal example and leadership. And of course it is important not to underestimate how difficult it can be to even know what our own core values are, and whether or not a particular practice conflicts with them. As has been often pointed out by thoughtful people, ranging from ethicists to political scientists, many of the thorniest choices we face in our lives are less about right versus wrong decisions than about right versus right. If this were not the case, a consequentialist approach to ethics (weighing the relative costs and benefits of different actions) would be both easier to apply and much less necessary. As Robert Kane writes in Through the Moral Maze: The first of many confusions that people have about ethics concerns the value of thinking about it. Ethical argument is not primarily directed at those who are bent on doing evil. It is directed in the first instance not at bad people, but at good people whose convictions are being drained by intellectual and moral confusions. 4 Given all these objections to the very framing of our opening assumption here, it is important to clarify that this note is not about denying the tendency to rationalize in the service of selfjustification. Nor is it about downplaying the obstacles to effective action in the face of values conflicts, or about denying the risks. It is not even about avoiding the complexities involved in actually clarifying what actions best support our values. Rather this note is about acknowledging that nevertheless, some people do voice and act on their values, and do so effectively. This note is about recognizing that there is much to be learned from looking at how and why they do so. And this note is about noticing that they do so not simply in spite of each of the above objections, but also because of their sophisticated understanding of the objections themselves. That is, they make an effort to know themselves and to thus better understand others, diminishing the impact of self-justifying rationalizations. They do anything about an ethical problem once it is brought to their attention. † David Batstone, â€Å"Right Reality: You Cannot Train Employees to Be Ethical,† [emailprotected] com. 3 And once we have tried to raise issues internally, if unsuccessful, we may feel the need to take more public action. Robert Kane, Through the Moral Maze: Searching for Absolute Values in a Pluralistic World. M. E. Sharpe, 1996, p. 10. This material is part of the Giving Voice to Values curriculum collection, a collaboration between the Aspen Institute (www. AspenCBE. org) and The Yale School of Management. The Giving Voice to Values curriculum collection is in th e Pilot Phase of development; do not distribute/reproduce without permission. 2 think strategically about how to implement their values, thereby diminishing the risks they face; and when the risks are unavoidable, they view them clear-eyed and prepare themselves. After all, risk management is not always about avoiding risks; rather it is often about anticipating, preparing for and mitigating them. And they learn to communicate about values openly and clearly, thus ensuring that they have access to more and better information with which to make considered decisions. This note is about ways to think about and accomplish all of these things and so finally, this note is about acknowledging and enabling choice. The Origins of Giving Voice to Values The Aspen Institute Business and Society Program and Yale School of Management Giving Voice to Values initiative is a program of research and curriculum development designed to analyze and share the many ways that business practitioners can voice and implement their values in the face of countervailing pressures in the workplace. The approach to values born from this initiative and described in this note grows out of a rich set of inputs. As we will see in subsequent pages, the power and effectiveness of our efforts to voice and act on our values is often driven by the power and persuasiveness of the stories we tell about them. Therefore, let us begin by sharing the story of how the approach described here was born – both the personal story and the public story. First to the personal story. 5 When I started work at a business school – the Harvard Business School in the mid-1980s – I experienced culture shock. This was a time when even the student newspapers at business schools crowed that students would attempt a hostile takeover of their grandmothers if they could make a profit at it. I was fresh out of graduate school with a doctorate in the Humanities and nothing had prepared me for this new world. I was excited by the energy, the clarity of intention and the sheer logic of the place. It seemed the opposite of everything I had known. I would joke with my friends that when my fellow doctoral students in literature and film used to ask. â€Å"How are you? ,† I would be considered suspect – either shallow or ignorant – if I answered without the requisite level of angst, seasoned with knowing despair. At the business school, on the other hand, the accepted response to that greeting was â€Å"Great, just great! delivered in a firm and confident tone with direct eye contact and, preferably, accompanied with an energetic shake of one’s right arm and closed fist. What looking glass had I stumbled through? Business school and the corporate offices of senior executives I frequented as a researcher, case writer and eventually faculty member were halls of purposefulness and confidence. Whereas the test of intelligence had previously been the ability to take a s ingle passage of poetry or fiction and open it up, revealing multiple layers of meaning and nuance, the performance test here 5 Much of this section is drawn from â€Å"Is there free will in business? Leadership and social impact management† by Mary C. Gentile in Handbook of Responsible Leadership and Governance in Global Business, edited by Jonathan P. Doh and Stephen A. Stumpf, Edward Elgar Publishing Inc. , Northampton, MA, 2005, pp. 221-240. This material is part of the Giving Voice to Values curriculum collection, a collaboration between the Aspen Institute (www. AspenCBE. org) and The Yale School of Management. The Giving Voice to Values curriculum collection is in the Pilot Phase of development; do not distribute/reproduce without permission. 3 eemed to be the ability to define a problem so precisely and cleanly that all irrelevancy fell away and one was left with a clearly solvable equation or a single principle to optimize. It was a beautiful and heady world, albeit one to which I was unaccustomed. Twenty years after my introduction to that world, we live in a time when the once astonishing MA deals of the eighties are surpassed and even dwarfed on a regular basis and when CEOs, having risen to the status of popular heroes in the late 1990s, face heightened public scrutiny as a result of the widely publicized and stunning excesses and abuses of the early 2000s. But despite this fall from grace, the belief in the power and the efficacy of business has not diminished; rather, it is the public’s trust in the business agenda and its methods that has been tarnished. In fact, the degree of public and government scrutiny and even cynicism that business and its leaders encounter today is a direct reflection of the amount of power, control and capacity they are believed to wield. This brings us to a fundamental irony about leadership in this arena. Business leaders and aspiring business leaders in free market contexts are attracted to the potential to make an impact, to build something tangible, to manage and control an enterprise and, of course, to make money. This is a world of â€Å"can do† attitudes, of belief in the individual’s capacity to make a difference by sheer dint of talent and hard work. And yet, when it comes to the arena of social impacts and ethical action, these business practitioners all too often protest that their hands are tied. When it comes to running their business in a manner that explicitly serves society, both through the value it creates and also the values it preserves, they often appear to believe that the market prevents them from doing as much as they might wish. I find myself wondering how the arena of free market capitalism, so steeped in the orthodoxy of individualism and a belief in the mastery of one’s own fate, can be so constrained? Is there free will in business? The Giving Voice to Values initiative is a response to this irony. Moving from the personal story, let us consider some of the other inputs to this work. In 2001 and 2002, the Aspen Institute conducted a survey of MBA student attitudes regarding the role of business in wider society. When asked whether they expected they would have to make business decisions that conflicted with their personal values during their careers, half the respondents in 2002 (and more than half in 2001) believed that they would. The vast majority of respondents both years reported it would be â€Å"very likely† or â€Å"somewhat likely† that they would experience this as stressful.

Free Essays on Search For Order

Search for Order from 1877-1916 During the late 1800’s and the early 1900’s the United States had a great undertaking of finding order. Order, in the general term of life, both on the personal aspects and the country as a whole had been disassembled during the civil war and the events that occurred shortly there after. This paper is to illustrate how Americans executed the search for order, in the broad sense of the word. There will be three points brought to light to support the claim of order, the aspects of Economic, Social, and Cultural. ECONOMIC Economic stability and equal opportunity define the search for economic order for each and every American. During the time in question, there was very little economic order. Those Americans that were lucky enough to join the steel/cattle/ and other industries that were thriving in the early 19th Century were set for life, vs. the immigrants that just started to see American soil and work here for the first time. There was a huge contrast in wages, the wealth wasn’t spread very even, and Americans were either rich or poor. During this time period, there were many trying to level the playing field in their quest to improve their economic situation. 1. Jane Addams was famous for founding the Hull House in 1889. The house was dedicated to teaching immigrants and underprivileged individuals some sort of specific trade or skill along with English to allow them to fend for their personal economic freedom. 2. In 1886, the American Federation of Labor started Wage Protection; the American Federation of Labor came into existence under that name in 1886. In fact, it began with a longer, more cumbersome name, the Federation of Organized Trades and Labor Unions of the United States and Canada. This organization was founded on November 15-18, 1881 at the Turner Hall in downtown Pittsburgh. Many of the pioneers of the American labor movement in this period were German-American, though... Free Essays on Search For Order Free Essays on Search For Order Search for Order from 1877-1916 During the late 1800’s and the early 1900’s the United States had a great undertaking of finding order. Order, in the general term of life, both on the personal aspects and the country as a whole had been disassembled during the civil war and the events that occurred shortly there after. This paper is to illustrate how Americans executed the search for order, in the broad sense of the word. There will be three points brought to light to support the claim of order, the aspects of Economic, Social, and Cultural. ECONOMIC Economic stability and equal opportunity define the search for economic order for each and every American. During the time in question, there was very little economic order. Those Americans that were lucky enough to join the steel/cattle/ and other industries that were thriving in the early 19th Century were set for life, vs. the immigrants that just started to see American soil and work here for the first time. There was a huge contrast in wages, the wealth wasn’t spread very even, and Americans were either rich or poor. During this time period, there were many trying to level the playing field in their quest to improve their economic situation. 1. Jane Addams was famous for founding the Hull House in 1889. The house was dedicated to teaching immigrants and underprivileged individuals some sort of specific trade or skill along with English to allow them to fend for their personal economic freedom. 2. In 1886, the American Federation of Labor started Wage Protection; the American Federation of Labor came into existence under that name in 1886. In fact, it began with a longer, more cumbersome name, the Federation of Organized Trades and Labor Unions of the United States and Canada. This organization was founded on November 15-18, 1881 at the Turner Hall in downtown Pittsburgh. Many of the pioneers of the American labor movement in this period were German-American, though...

Cyclical Transportation Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Cyclical Transportation - Research Paper Example Example, when a shortage is foreseen, the carrier can get some additional capacity from other carriers to ship together when deficit comes. Demand forecasting is another important step a career should take. Demand forecasting shows whether there will be an excess or a shortage. After forecasting a weak customer demand that simply interprets to the capacity shortage, in the future so one can start preparing how to manage the shortage like in step number one above. Step number three is leveraging the available assets. That is possible by making sure all available assets are utilized. The capacity available should be loaded on the right asset hence making sure that space is well utilized. The carrier can also employ combining orders strategy where they consolidate orders from one place and ship with a transporting unit whose space will be well used. Creation of interpersonal relationships with the suppliers is another step. Customer goods from the suppliers have to pass through the carr iers for them to reach the customers. With developing the close relationship with the supplier, the suppliers get to share order information, delivery information and their day-to-day performance. Such information is necessary for the carrier is planning to offer low freight charges but provide the best quality. Learning from mistakes is another step carriers take in minimizing capacity shortages and their effects. They achieve this through the closed-loop process where they plan, access results and adjust the plan to saving costs.